ÁP dụng BĐT bunhia có:

 \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\le3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(7-x\right)^2\le3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\) \(\Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{\left(7-x\right)^2}{3}\ge-\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)

Pt (2)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x^2=13-\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\le13-\dfrac{\left(7-x\right)^2}{3}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2\le39-\left(7-x\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2-14x+10\le0\) \(\Leftrightarrow1\le x\le\dfrac{5}{2}\)

=>x_min=1 \(\Leftrightarrow\)a=b=c=2

x_max=\(\dfrac{5}{2}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\) a=b=c=\(\dfrac{3}{2}\)

3a)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x-2}+\dfrac{1}{2y-1}=2\\\dfrac{2}{x-2}-\dfrac{3}{2y-1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\) (ĐK: x≠2;y≠\(\dfrac{1}{2}\))

Đặt \(\dfrac{1}{x-2}=a;\dfrac{1}{2y-1}=b\) (ĐK: a>0; b>0)

Hệ phương trình đã cho trở thành

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=2\\2a-3b=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2-b\\2\left(2-b\right)-3b=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2-b\\4-2b-3b=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2-b\\b=\dfrac{3}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{7}{5}\left(TM\text{Đ}K\right)\\b=\dfrac{3}{5}\left(TM\text{Đ}K\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) Khi đó \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x-2}=\dfrac{7}{5}\\\dfrac{1}{2y-1}=\dfrac{3}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7\left(x-2\right)=5\\3\left(2y-1\right)=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7x-14=5\\6y-3=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{19}{7}\left(TM\text{Đ}K\right)\\y=\dfrac{4}{3}\left(TM\text{Đ}K\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) Vậy hệ phương trình đã cho có nghiệm duy nhất (x;y)=\(\left(\dfrac{19}{7};\dfrac{4}{3}\right)\)

b) Bạn làm tương tự như câu a kết quả là (x;y)=\(\left(\dfrac{12}{5};\dfrac{-14}{5}\right)\)

c)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x-1}+2\sqrt{y}=13\\2\sqrt{x-1}-\sqrt{y}=4\end{matrix}\right.\)(ĐK: x≥1;y≥0)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x-1}+2\sqrt{y}=13\\\sqrt{y}=2\sqrt{x-1}-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x-1}+4\sqrt{x-1}=13\\\sqrt{y}=2\sqrt{x-1}-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7\sqrt{x-1}=13\\\sqrt{y}=2\sqrt{x-1}-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}49\left(x-1\right)=169\\\sqrt{y}=2\sqrt{x-1}-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}49x-49=169\\\sqrt{y}=2\sqrt{x-1}-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{218}{49}\\y=\dfrac{4}{49}\end{matrix}\right.\left(TM\text{Đ}K\right)\)

Bài 4:

Theo đề, ta có hệ:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\left(3a-2\right)-2\left(2b+1\right)=30\\3\left(a+2\right)+2\left(3b-1\right)=-20\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>9a-6-4b-2=30 và 3a+6+6b-2=-20

=>9a-4b=38 và 3a+6b=-20+2-6=-24

=>a=2; b=-5

`{((a-1)x+y=a),(x+(a-1)y=2):}`

`<=>{(ax-x+y=a),(x+ay-y=2):}`

`<=>{(a(x-1)=x-y<=>a=[x-y]/[x-1]),(x+[x-y]/[x-1]-y=2):}`

`<=>x(x-1)+x-y-y(x-1)=2(x-1)`

`<=>x^2-x+x-y-xy+y=2x-2`

`<=>x^2-xy-2x+2=0`

_________________________________________

`b)x^2-xy-2x+2=0`

`<=>xy=x^2-2x+2`

`<=>y=x-2+2/x`

Thay `y=x-2+2/x` vào `6x^2-17y=7` có:

 `6x^2-17(x-2+2/x)=7`

`<=>6x^3-17x^2+34x-34-7x=0`

`<=>6x^3-12x^2-5x^2+10x+17x-34=0`

`<=>(x-2)(6x^2-5x+17)=0`

   Mà `6x^2-5x+17 > 0`

  `=>x-2=0<=>x=2`

 `=>y=2-2+2/2=1`

Thay `x=2;y=1` vào `(a-1)x+y=a` có: `(a-1).2+1=a<=>a=1`

a, hệ\(\Leftrightarrow\)$\left \{ {{x>\frac{1}{2} } \atop {x<m+2}} \right.$

để hệ có nghiệm ⇒ m+2< $\frac{1}{2}$ ⇒ m<$\frac{-3}{2}$

=>y=(m+1)x-m-1 và x+(m^2-1)x-m^2+1=2

=>x=2-1+m^2/m^2 và y=(m+1)x-m-1

=>x=(m^2+1)/m^2 và y=(m^3+m^2+m+1-m^3-m^2)/m^2=(m+1)/m^2

x+y=(m^2+m+2)/m^2

Để x+y min thì m^2+m+2 min

=>m^2+m+1/4+7/4 min

=>(m+1/2)^2+7/4min

=>m=-1/2

Còn lại tương tự

Bài 3:

a: =>x-2y=1 và x-2y=1

=>0x=0 và x-2y=1

=>Hệ Phương trình có nghiệm tổng quát là:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\in R\\y=\dfrac{x-1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

b: \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-6y=2\\x-6y=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\in R\\y=\dfrac{x-2}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)